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The Manners and Customs of the Dervishes

Shannon Simmons

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Published in The Manners Of The Dervishes: Tales From The Gulestan

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The Dervishes, an ancient and revered order of Sufi mystics, have captivated the world for centuries with their profound spiritual practices and enigmatic rituals. Their unique brand of spirituality emphasizes the cultivation of love, compassion, and unity, and their distinctive manners and customs have played a significant role in shaping their mystical traditions. This article delves into the fascinating world of the Dervishes, exploring their intriguing manners, customs, and symbolism.

Origins and History of the Dervishes

The origins of the Dervishes can be traced back to the 7th century AD, following the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. The term "Dervish" is derived from the Persian word "darwish," meaning "poor" or "beggar." This reflects the Dervishes' rejection of worldly possessions and their focus on spiritual wealth. Over time, various Dervish orders emerged, each with its own unique traditions and practices.

The Manners of the Dervishes: Tales from the Gulestan

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The Four Main Dervish Orders

The four main Dervish orders, known as tariqas, are:

1. Naqshbandi: Founded in the 14th century by Bahauddin Naqshband, the Naqshbandi order emphasizes the importance of inner silence and remembrance of God through the constant repetition of the divine name.

2. Qadiri: Established in the 12th century by Abdul-Qadir al-Jilani, the Qadiri order is known for its ecstatic rituals and emphasis on spiritual love and devotion.

3. Chishti: Founded in the 12th century by Moinuddin Chishti, the Chishti order is characterized by its inclusiveness, humility, and service to others.

4. Mawlawi: This order was founded in the 13th century by Jalaluddin Rumi, the renowned Sufi poet. The Mawlawi Dervishes are most famous for their whirling dervish ceremony, a mesmerizing spiritual practice that symbolizes the journey towards divine unity.

Manners and Customs of the Dervishes

The Dervishes have developed a comprehensive set of manners and customs that govern their daily lives and spiritual practices. These guidelines are designed to promote harmony, humility, and a heightened sense of connection with the divine. Some of the most important Dervish manners include:

1. Humility and Detachment: Dervishes strive to cultivate humility and detachment from worldly possessions. They believe that true wealth lies in the love of God and in service to others.

2. Respect for All Beings: The Dervishes extend compassion and respect to all creatures, regardless of their religion, race, or social status. They believe that all beings are interconnected and that harming others is ultimately an act of self-harm.

3. Simplicity and Austerity: Dervishes live simple and austere lives, often wearing humble clothing and eating basic meals. They avoid excessive material possessions and focus on cultivating inner purity.

4. Constant Remembrance of God: Dervishes engage in regular practices such as dhikr (remembrance of God) and meditation to keep their hearts and minds focused on the divine.

5. Devotion to a Spiritual Guide: Dervishes typically have a spiritual guide, known as a sheikh, who provides guidance and support on the Sufi path. They believe that following a qualified guide is essential for spiritual progress.

Symbolism in Dervish Practices

Symbolism plays a significant role in Dervish practices and rituals. Each symbol carries a deep spiritual meaning and helps to convey the essence of the Sufi path.

1. The Sema (Whirling Dance): The whirling dervish ceremony is perhaps the most well-known Dervish practice. It symbolizes the journey towards divine unity, with the dervishes' whirling representing the planets revolving around the sun.

2. The Ney (Reed Flute): The ney is a traditional musical instrument used by the Dervishes. Its haunting melodies are believed to open the heart and connect the listener to the divine.

3. The Sufi Robe: The long, flowing robe worn by the Dervishes represents their detachment from worldly concerns and their focus on the divine.

4. The Dervish Lodge: The Dervish lodge, known as a tekke or zawiya, is a sacred space where Dervishes gather for spiritual gatherings and rituals. It symbolizes the sanctuary of the heart and the gateway to the divine presence.

Influence and Legacy of the Dervishes

Throughout history, the Dervishes have exerted a profound influence on various aspects of human culture and society. Their teachings have inspired poets, musicians, and artists, and their spiritual practices have been adopted by people from all walks of life. The Dervishes have also played a significant role in the development of Islamic mysticism, providing a bridge between the East and West.

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the Dervish traditions, as people seek alternative paths to spirituality and a deeper connection with the divine. Dervish centers and lodges can be found in many cities around the world, offering a unique opportunity to experience the richness and beauty of this ancient mystical tradition.

The Dervishes, with their distinctive manners, customs, and symbolism, offer a fascinating glimpse into the world of Islamic mysticism. Their emphasis on love, compassion, and unity has left an enduring legacy, inspiring people across cultures and generations. As seekers of truth and seekers of the divine, the Dervishes continue to guide and inspire, reminding us of the importance of humility, simplicity, and the constant remembrance of God.

The Manners of the Dervishes: Tales from the Gulestan

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